Abstract
The abstract highlights how advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) are enhancing water management in smart agriculture. The proposed system utilizes a new sensor node topology with components like water level, soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and rain sensors, along with LoRa LPWAN technology for efficient communication. The design aims to optimize water consumption and improve agricultural practices through smart sensor networks and mobile application control.
Introduction
The introduction discusses the use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) for various applications, including smart agriculture. It highlights the advantages of WSNs in monitoring environmental conditions and the application of LoRa LPWAN technology for long-range communication in agriculture. The text emphasizes the importance of WSNs in optimizing water management and enhancing efficiency in agricultural practices through sensor-based data collection and analysis.
Related works
"Smart Agriculture and Related Works" in the context provided discusses the significance of agriculture in Vietnam's economy and the role of technology, specifically wireless sensor networks and IoT systems, in improving agricultural practices. The text highlights the importance of efficient resource management, such as water control and temperature regulation, in enhancing agricultural productivity and addressing challenges like food insecurity and poverty through technological advancements in the agricultural sector. Additionally, it emphasizes the potential benefits and challenges associated with implementing smart agriculture solutions, including cost reduction, increased productivity, data generation, and the need for effective data storage and management.
System configuration
The system architecture described in the text focuses on providing a solution for real-time monitoring of water management in smart agriculture while optimizing power consumption and cost-saving. It emphasizes the importance of selecting suitable components, such as micro-controllers and sensors, to achieve energy efficiency, data accuracy, and longevity. The architecture utilizes LoRa technology for IoT connectivity, enabling data transmission over large areas with minimal power consumption, making it suitable for smart agriculture applications.
Power system
The power system described in the text provides the necessary electrical supply for devices in an IoT node. Voltage regulators are used to convert the AC supply of 220V to the required 5V and 3.3V for the microcontroller and communication module, ensuring proper functioning of the IoT system. The design includes components like sensors, transmission modules, and display modules, with the power system tailored to meet the specific voltage needs of each device within the node.
Transmitter module
The Transmitter Module in the IoT system architecture plays a crucial role in optimizing energy consumption and ensuring effective communication in rural areas without wired connections. It is essential to select the appropriate technology for data transmission, with the E32 LoRa series module being a preferred choice due to its features like long-range communication and low power consumption, as detailed in the technical specifications provided in the article. This module is integral to the successful operation of the IoT sensor nodes in the proposed system.
ATmega328 Microcontroller
The ATmega328 microcontroller is a key component in the system described, responsible for controlling various sensors and modules in Node 2. It plays a crucial role in managing the data flow and interactions between different parts of the system, ensuring efficient operation and communication within the network. The microcontroller enables the integration of multiple sensors and modules, contributing to the overall functionality and performance of the system.
Test operation
The operational tests conducted in the smart agriculture system involved evaluating the sensors for temperature, humidity, and data transmission using the LoRa channel in Vietnam. The tests were carried out in a research lab at Ton Duc Thang University, where the system's performance was assessed with Arduino nodes and sensors integrated with LoRa for data transmission. The experiments included verifying sensor accuracy, displaying measurements on an LCD screen, and ensuring sensor calibration for accurate data collection.
Discussion
In the discussion section, the advantages of a smart agriculture system based on IoT technology are highlighted, such as managing multiple farms with different growth schedules, utilizing LoRa technology to save energy and improve communication, and integrating various sensors for better crop productivity. The text also mentions the importance of real-time updates, data storage to prevent loss during power outages, and the need to address energy consumption in smart irrigation systems for enhanced efficiency.